This article will explain some games and exercises in order to teach in children and adolescents the technique of high jump in athletics. But before, a small description of the technique and the competition of this modality: in the tests of high jump, the competitors will try to pass a bar fastened by two supports. The bar rises after each jump. It is, therefore, a vertical jump.
The starting track is a fan-shaped area that is located in front of the jump obstacle. The bar or strip is a wooden stick or a metal rod, with flat ends for fastening on the supports. It has a maximum weight of 2 kg.
It can fall forward or backward, but the goal is for competitors to jump on this ribbon without letting it fall to the ground. The bars ,arked with meters are two rigid metal posts, 4 meters apart, with a mechanism to lift the bar. They indicate the height of the bar. The landing bed or mat is a foamy foam surface 396 cm long and 487 cm wide.
Games and exercises to teach the technique of high jump
1. "Get frozen with a jump".
Description: The participants are located in a specific play area (10, 20 or more square meters). The teacher will assign who or whom will be in charge of to "freeze" the other competitors. When one of the participants is touched, he / she should remain still keeping the palms of both hands and both knees touching the ground, in order to allow one of his / her teammates to thaw him / her by jumping over him or her.
But it should be noted that the jump must be first with one lower limb (one leg) and then with the other, either frontal or lateral (depending on the comfort that feels each participant).
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2. "Wanderlust races".
Description: Two groups of equal numbers of players are formed in a row (one behind the other). Each player must take the front partner by the shoulders and will not be able to take their hands off their shoulders until the end of the race (reaching the final goal).
The forward to the side (one row of participants will go to the right and the other to the left) should be with jumps alternating the lower limbs (both legs), ie first take off one of the lower members of the floor and then the other. The one that takes off first is almost that by logic the one that is located towards the side of the advance of the row or "worm".
In this game the lower limbs (the legs) will not stretch fully to avoid kicking the front partner, ie lifting each member to perform the jump will be done with the legs flexed. Clearly the coordination must be important so the player who the "head" of worm should give the indications so that everyone can jump and advance at the same time, to avoid that one take off the arms of the shoulders of some teammate, what It would force them to go back and start from the starting line.
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3. "Races with an obstacle and relay included".
Description: There are two rows of equal numbers of players (one behind the other). A 10 or 15 meters each row an obstacle (fence, sticks with rope, ball cones, etc.) that should be skipped after a tour first line (5 meters) and then turning slightly the sense will be located the Race (remaining meters).
Three meters from this obstacle will be one player from each group. And every 10 or 15 meters of these last players will be located another obstacle to jump (fence, sticks with rope, cones with ball, etc.).
When the order is given the players located in the first position of the first rows will leave at maximum speed to jump only the first obstacle. This leap must be either front or side always taking off one leg off the floor after the other (can not be performed with both legs at the same time), starting with the dominant leg or non-dominant as the comfort of each player first.
Then he / she will play the partner so that the latter proceed to continue with the relay and perform the same exercise in the next obstacle. Win the group or team that first comes to jump the last obstacle.
Materials: fences, sticks, ropes, cones, medical balls.
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4. "Punching and jumping".
Description: A certain number of players are located in a limited area. To each side of this area is located a player with volleyball or other not very heavy ball.
These players will attempt to strike players within the limited area, but then they can only throw the maximum balls up to the knees, thus giving the opportunity for players within the area to dodge the ball by jumping sideways first one leg and then the other. If any of the players dodges the ball by jumping sideways or frontally taking off (rising) both legs at the same time will also be struck or "punched" (out).
Materials: volleyball balls or "chibolitas".
5. "Group jump in rope".
Description: Two players will be placed at each end of a rope of a length of 5 to 10 meters. Some remaining players will be placed to one side of the rope starting to jump once it is hit.
The jumps should be done only in a lateral way and taking off the ground first one leg and then the other leg. That is to say that if a player jumps with both legs at the same time and / or this jump is performed in frontal way to the rope, he /she will be disqualified. Will win the last that lasts by following the rules of the jump and without getting entangled with the rope.
Materials: rope from 5 to 10 meters long.
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6. "Take a group with the rope".
Description: Two players will hold a rope about 5 to 10 meters long on each side. Other players will be placed in a limited area. Players who are responsible for the rope should try to "catch" or simply touch their peers by taking the rope by stretching it and moving it to knee height as they move.
The rest of players will be able to dodge the rope by only jumping sideways to the same taking off the ground first one leg and then the other. If the jump is vertical to the rope and / or raising both legs at the same time, this player will be disqualified. The last player to "survive" will meet the rules.
Materials: rope from 5 to 10 meters long.
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7. "Race with bodily obstacles".
Description: two rows of equal numbers of players are placed one behind the other, but then these will be located separated by a distance of 1 to 1.5 meters, located with the hands and both knees touching the ground (in "four legs").
A player will stand in front of the first player "in four legs" of each row. When the order is given, these players must advance by jumping to their teammates, making the jumps only in a lateral manner, raising first one leg and then the other, until reaching the end of the row where he should immediately settle in the position "in four legs (doggy)".
Then the first partner who was jumped will stand and perform the same exercise until the end of the row, and so on until all the members of each group of rows perform the exercise. The group whose players make the jumps will be win more quickly fulfilling the rules of the jump.
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8. "Watchdogs on the handkerchiefs".
Description: In an area of 20 to 30 square meters, there are two lateral areas limited by two poles in each corner to 2 meters of one of the lines that limits the total playing area. Each pole will hold a rope to lift it to a height of 40 to 80 centimeters.
In the middle of the entire play area will be placed handkerchiefs. In the zones limited to 2 meters of the line that limits the total area of game a certain number of players are located, one of a team and some of other team. Watching the handkerchiefs will be located players of each of the teams.
Players should exit and enter their safe area by jumping sideways above the rope, raising one leg first and then the other. The goal is to collect as many handkerchiefs as possible and take them to the safe area without being touched by the "Watchdog" of the opposing team.
Materials: handkerchiefs, sticks, ropes.
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9. "Fall on a mat".
Description: Athletes should be dropped back from a certain height on the foam mat (beat on both feet, push the hips forward). They must pass over the rubber thread, which is located at the hip or lower depending on the ability of each athlete; They should fall backwards trying to make the support on the scapular area emphasizing that the chin should be attached to the sternum.
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10. "Jumping the ropes through the field".
Description: In pairs or couples they are located behind a line that can be delimited by cones or stops and by a land are located ropes that are subject to some fences. One of the couple must chase their partner and the two should jump the different obstacles, if the person who is persecuted is reached then they will be exchanged roles. Safety: it is recommended that after the jump that they are located mats that allow to cushion the fall.
Materials: cones or stops, ropes and fences.
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11. "Hunting Rabbits".
Description: One or several "hunters" chase on a terrain bounded by cones or buffers to "rabbits" that can only be safely sheltered with a jump behind the rope. To give the rope height, two fences are placed at the ends. Variant: Increase the height of the fences so that the rope has a higher elevation.
Safety: it is recommended that after the jump that they are located mats that allow to cushion the fall.
Materials: cones or stops, ropes and fences.
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12. Jump the rope.
Description: Athletes are located in a line that can be delimited by cones or stops, to the front is located a rope that is held by fences or can be held by two partners, the participants must jump the rope. Repeat the exercise several times.
Variant: increase the height of the fences or that the companions who are helping to support the rope are increasing the height progressively.
Safety: it is recommended that after the jump that they are located mats that allow to cushion the fall.
Materials: cone or stops, fences and mats.
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13. "The one who jumps higher".
Description: Players are placed in side position to the wall. They should jump vertically and touch the wall as high as possible. Measure the separation between the starting position and the point reached. The player who jumps higher wins.
Materials: none.
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14. "Touching Objects".
Description: Athletes should touch by hand objects hanging at a certain height. They must make a free run and must make the beat on one foot.
15. "Touching objects with the time limit".
Description: Athletes should touch by hand objects hung at a certain height but this time limited time. They must make a free run and must make the beat on one foot. To do this, a few cones are located at a certain distance from the objects and from there players will start the movement until they reach the objects and make the respective jump. Win the team or athlete who touches more objects in less time.
Materials: ropes and bumpers.
Graphs of both games and their variant: